Petrogenesis and sedimentary environment of silicate in Late Paleozoic in Kala area of Western Sichuan Province     

LIU Daming  YAO Hongyou  HU Lin  YU Liang  LIU Yizhong 《中国地质调查》2021,7(6):68-78

In order to study the sedimentary environment characteristics of the Late Paleozoic in Kala area of Western Sichuan Province, the authors have conducted the petrological and geochemical analyses of the widely distributed silicate in Qiongyi Formation of Lower Carboniferous and Kawenggou Formation of Upper Permian. The results show that the silicate in the study area belongs to the pure siliceous rocks, with a continuous supply of land-based materials during the deposition process. The average Al/(Al+Fe+Mn) ratio is 0.62, and the silicate shows a biogenic origin by the Al-Fe-Mn diagram. The ratios of Al₂O₃/ (Al₂O₃+ Fe₂O₃), Th/U, Th/Sc, (La/Ce)_N and (La/Yb)_N and tectonic environment discriminant diagram demonstrate that the silicate developed in a shallow-slope depesitional environment in the continental margin. The Ce_anom value is -0.04 to 0.07, and it gradually increases from the Carboniferous to the Permian period, indicating the water body is in an anoxic environment with gradually increasing reducibility. The Garz--Litang basin opened in the Carboniferous period, in accordance with the regional geological evolution, and it continued to expand during the Permian period, with the gradually increasing depth of the seawater within the sedimentary basins.  相似文献   

LA-ICP-MS硅酸盐矿物原位微区分析方法研究     

陈雪 《地质与勘探》2014,50(Z1):1413-1417

建立了一种利用New Wave UP 213 nm激光和ThermoFisher X Series2四极杆等离子体质谱法直接测定硅酸盐矿物中54种元素的分析方法。该方法以40Ca为内标、玻璃标准参考物质NIST SRM 610为外标,通过调节载气流量、激光频率、激光能量、激光剥蚀斑径降低元素分馏效应,并对NIST SRM 612进行测定,测定结果满足分析要求,54种元素的相对标准偏差大都低于10%,可应用于地质学分析研究。  相似文献   

长江口邻近海域沉积物和间隙水中硅的研究     

李慧菊  刘淑民  简慧敏  陈洪涛  姚庆祯 《海洋学报》2017,39(4):39-49

以2011年6月和8月在长江口邻近海域采集的沉积物和间隙水样品为研究对象,讨论了沉积物中生物硅（BSi）和间隙水中溶解硅（DSi）的分布情况和影响因素,并初步探讨了生物硅的循环和保存。结果表明,表层沉积物中BSi的含量较低,且均小于1%。柱状沉积物中BSi的含量范围为0.34%~0.52%。C3、D1站位柱状沉积物中BSi的记录主要是由早期成岩过程控制,33#站位的分布特征主要是由水动力等变化控制。沉积物间隙水中DSi的浓度范围为101.6~263.9 μmol/L,低于纯BSi的溶解度;间隙水的pH值越大,沉积物的含水率越低,还原性越强,间隙水中DSi的含量越高。3站位生物硅的埋藏效率均较高,表明长江口邻近海域是潜在的硅的汇。沉积通量的分布与沉积速率和埋藏效率的分布一致,均有近岸高于远海的趋势。  相似文献   

高灵敏度元素分析仪-连续流同位素质谱法对硅酸盐岩中碳及碳同位素组成的精确测定   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

查向平  龚冰  郑永飞 《岩矿测试》2017,36(4):327-339

硅酸盐岩中含有微量的碳,对其精确地分析可以示踪流体的来源和形成过程。元素分析仪-同位素质谱方法(EA-IRMS)是一种使用样品量小、快速的分析方法,本文将EA-IRMS技术应用于硅酸盐岩中微量碳同位素组成的测定,基于一系列条件实验,确认了硅酸盐岩中微量碳分析的EA-IRMS连续流方法的关键条件参数。标准物质选择和归一化处理使用以下方法:(1)选择较宽碳同位素组成范围且合理的碳同位素分布的标准物质,以高纯石英粉末与之混合来模拟天然样品中的基质。(2)利用与样品类似含量的3个标准物质的测量值和标准真值建立校准曲线,对天然样品的测量值进行标准化,从而实现了对硅酸盐岩中低至600!g/g微量碳含量和同位素组成的精确测定。用国家标准物质GBW04416作为未知样品检验了不同含量下拟合的线性方程,在碳含量不低于600!g/g时,标准偏差分别约为0.02‰、0.04‰、0.05‰、-0.07‰、0.11‰;在MERCK+USGS24混合物中,测量的δ13C值在标准误差范围内与理论值是一致的。因此,对于碳含量不低于600!g/g的30 mg硅酸盐岩样品,本方法能够获得高精准度的碳同位素分析结果。根据不同碳含量的标准混合物的峰面积(峰强度)和相对应的含量所建立的线性曲线获得样品的碳含量,碳含量的分析误差在10%以内。  相似文献   

水玻璃固化硫酸盐渍土强度特性及固化机制研究     

吕擎峰  申贝  王生新  孟惠芳  常承睿 《岩土力学》2016,37(3):687-693

盐渍土化学固化法是解决盐渍土盐胀、溶陷和腐蚀等不良工程问题的有效方法之一。通过无侧限抗压强度试验、X射线衍射试验、化学成分分析和扫描电镜试验研究了石灰粉、煤灰、水玻璃联合固化硫酸盐渍土的强度特征,分析探讨了其固化机制。试验结果表明：石灰含量小于8%时,石灰、粉煤灰、水玻璃联合固化硫酸盐渍土的抗压和抗剪强度较石灰粉煤灰固化土有大幅度提升,固化土强度随水玻璃浓度几乎呈线性增长。水玻璃固化硫酸盐渍土强度增加的机制在于：水玻璃的碱激发粉煤灰作用和水玻璃与盐渍土中化学成分的吸附作用所生成各类凝胶的填充和包裹,使得骨架颗粒的接触面积增大,颗粒之间的孔隙逐步减小,骨架颗粒由点接触变为面接触,固化盐渍土通过凝胶而黏结成为一个紧密的空间网状整体结构,土体强度得以提高。同时,复杂的物理化学作用大幅度降低了固化盐渍土中 含量,有效地抑制了硫酸盐渍土的盐胀特性。  相似文献   

Silicate‐oxide mineral chemistry of mafic–ultramafic rocks as an indicator of the roots of an island arc: The Chilas Complex,Kohistan (Pakistan)          下载免费PDF全文

Rubina Bilqees  M. Qasim Jan  M. Asif Khan  Brian F. Windley 《Island Arc》2016,25(1):4-27

The Chilas Complex is a major lower crustal component of the Cretaceous Kohistan island arc and one of the largest exposed slices of arc magma chamber in the world. Covering more than 8000 km², it reaches a current tectonic width of around 40 km. It was emplaced at 85 Ma during rifting of the arc soon after the collision of the arc with the Karakoram plate. Over 85% of the Complex comprises homogeneous, olivine‐free gabbronorite and subordinate orthopyroxene–quartz diorite association (MGNA), which contains bodies of up to 30 km² of ultramafic–mafic–anorthositic association (UMAA) rocks. Primary cumulate textures, igneous layering, and sedimentary structures are well preserved in layered parts of the UMAA in spite of pervasive granulite facies metamorphism. Mineral analyses show that the UMAA is characterized by more magnesian and more aluminous pyroxene and more calcic plagioclase than those in the MGNA. High modal abundances of orthopyroxene, magnetite and ilmenite (in MGNA), general Mg–Fe–Al spatial variations, and an MFA plot of whole‐rock analyses suggest a calc‐alkaline origin for the Complex. Projection of the pyroxene compositions on the Wo–En–Fs face is akin to those of pyroxenes from island arcs gabbros. The presence of highly calcic plagioclase and hornblende in UMAA is indicative of hydrous parental arc magma. The complex may be a product of two‐stage partial melting of a rising mantle diaper. The MGNA rocks represent the earlier phase melting, whereas the UMAA magma resulted from the melting of the same source depleted by the extraction of the earlier melt phase. Some of the massive peridotites in the UMAA may either be cumulates or represent metasomatized and remobilized upper mantle. The Chilas Complex shows similarities with many other (supra)subduction‐related mafic–ultramafic complexes worldwide.  相似文献   

Determination of Ge, As, Se and Te in Silicate Samples Using Isotope Dilution-Internal Standardisation Octopole Reaction Cell ICP-QMS by Normal Sample Nebulisation     

Akio Makishima  Eizo Nakamura 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2009,33(3):369-384

A method for the determination of Ge, As, Se and Te in silicate samples using isotope dilution-internal standardisation (ID-IS) octopole reaction cell (ORC) ICP-QMS by normal sample nebulisation was developed. The method does not involve either hydride generation or ion exchange. Germanium, Se and Te were determined by isotope dilution (ID), and As was determined by ID-IS. A silicate sample with an added Ge-Se-Te spike was digested with an HF-HNO₃-HBr mixture, dried, re-dissolved with HF and the supernatant liquid was directly aspirated into an ORC-ICP-QMS instrument with He or H₂ gas. No matrix effects were observed down to a dilution factor (DF) of ∼ 70 for Ge, Se and Te and DF of ∼ 1000 for As, which resulted in 3s detection limits in silicates of 2, 1, 0.1 and 4 ng g⁻¹, respectively. Advantages of the method are the simple sample introduction as well as a capability of determining S, Ti, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sn, Sb, Hf and Ta by ID-IS-ICP-QMS/SFMS from the same solution. Furthermore, the total sample solution consumption was only 0.253 ml with DF = 2000. Therefore, only a 0.13 mg test portion was required. To demonstrate the applicability of this technique, Ge, As, Se and Te in eight silicate reference materials were determined, as well as S, Ti, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sn, Sb, Hf and Ta in four carbonaceous chondrites.  相似文献   

Impact of fertilizer phosphorus application on phosphorus release kinetics in some calcareous soils   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

A. R. Hosseinpur  F. S. Biabanaki 《Environmental Geology》2009,56(6):1065-1069

Phosphate reactions and retention in the soil are of paramount importance from the perspective of plant nutrition and fertilizer use efficiency. The objective of this work was to study the kinetics of phosphorus (P) desorption in different soils of Hamadan in fertilized and unfertilized soils. Soils were fertilized with 200 mg P kg⁻¹. Fertilized and unfertilized soils were incubated at 25 ± 1°C for 6 months. After that, release of P was studied by successive extraction with 0.5 M NaHCO₃ over a period of 1,752 h. The results showed that phosphorus desorption from the fertilized and unfertilized soils began with a fast initial reaction, followed by a slow secondary reaction. The amount of P released after 1,752 h in fertilized and unfertilized soils ranged from 457 to 762.4 and 309.6 to 586.7 mg kg⁻¹, respectively. The kinetics of cumulative P release was evaluated using the five kinetic equations. Phosphorus desorption kinetics were best described by parabolic diffusion law, first order, and power function equations. Rate constants of these equations were higher in fertilized than unfertilized soils. Results from this study indicate that release rate of P plays a significant role in supplying available P and released P in runoff.  相似文献   

A shrinking particle—shrinking core model for leaching of a zinc ore containing silica     

Vida Safari  Gilnaz Arzpeyma  Fereshteh Rashchi  Navid Mostoufi   《International Journal of Mineral Processing》2009,93(1):79-83

A new mathematical model was developed for leaching of zinc ores containing silicates such as hemimorphite which produce a gel during leaching with sulfuric acid. This model is based on the shrinking core model in which the particle size and the reacting core shrink simultaneously. It was shown that the actual dissolution time of the ore particles is longer than the time corresponding to the dissolution of chemical zinc oxide itself. It was suggested that because of the existence of silicates in the ore, a gelatinous layer was formed around the reacting core. Since the gel product is soft, it breaks apart when the particles collide and as a result, the particles shrink. However, a thin gelatinous layer always covers the reacting core which increases the mass transfer resistance and increases the leaching time. This model was applied to leaching of a zinc-rich tailing containing hemimorphite and the thickness of the gelatinous layer as well as the diffusion coefficient in this layer was determined.  相似文献   

不同构造带硅酸盐化学风化率的制约:气候还是构造?   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

金章东  李英  王苏民 《地质论评》2005,51(6):672-680

虽然构造—风化-气候之间的制约关系仍然存在各种争论,但无疑的是,硅酸盐矿物的化学风化是调节地质时间尺度全球大气二氧化碳分压,进而保持地球表层气候稳定的关键性因素。目前最大的挑战在于如何理解地表制约硅酸盐矿物化学风化的因素,特别是当仅仅从气候要素变化难以解释长时间尺度硅酸盐化学风化率的时候。综合不同构造区内岩石物理剥蚀率和硅酸盐化学风化率的数据表明,不同时间、空间尺度硅酸盐风化率与构造和气候之间既存在相互耦合也存在矛盾的关系,仅仅归因于单一要素是不能得到圆满解释的。构造隆升区的强剥蚀可能是造成硅酸盐风化率增加的重要因素之一,但是将晚新生代地表系统的各种变化与各构造带（如青藏高原）的阶段性隆升联系起来可能是草率的。在不同类型构造带内,气候和构造对硅酸盐风化的制约并非是相互排斥的,特别是长时间尺度,因此“构造隆升-化学风化-气候变化”假说也正面临着全新的挑战。  相似文献